Canada has updated its travel advisory recommending against all travel to Iran, citing general security concerns and “the possibility of arbitrary detention.”

This is the highest risk level issued by Canada, stronger than current general advice to avoid all “non-essential” foreign travel due to the Covid-19 pandemic. “You should not travel to this country, territory or region,” the website states regarding Iran. “If you are already in the country, territory or region, you should consider leaving if it is safe to do so.”

The website points out the lack of a resident Canadian government office in Iran, and that the ability of Canadian officials elsewhere to offer consular assistance is extremely limited.

Canada broke off diplomatic relations in 2012, citing Iran’s support to the Syrian government, non-compliance with United Nations resolutions over the nuclear program, and fears for Canadian diplomats after protestors stormed the British embassy. Relations were not restored as Ottawa lifted most of its sanctions after the 2015 Iran nuclear deal.

According to the advisory, Canadians in Iran could face kidnapping and petty crimes, and women visitors facing sexual harassment. It adds that Canadians might be closely watched and that that innocuous behavior, such as taking photographs in public places or traveling beyond tourist attractions, could lead to investigation.